Improvement in bit-stocks



EEICE.

PATENT AARON W. SMITH, 0F MANCHESTER, NEI/V HAMPSHIRE.

IMPROVEMENT' IN BIT-STOC KS.

`Specification forming part ofLetters Patent No. 51,874, dated January2, 1866; antcdated December 26, 1865.

To all whom tt may concern:

Be it known that I, AARON YV. SMITH, of Manchester, in the county ofHillsborough and State of New Hampshire, have invented a new andImproved Mode of Constructing Bit- Stocks; and I do hereby declare thatthe following is a full and exact description thereof, referencebeinghad to the accompanyingdrawings, and to the lettersof referencethereon, same letters represeutin g like parts in the several figures.

Figure 1 is an elevation of bit-stock Fig. 2, elevation of end c of Fig.1; Fig. 3, elevation of end d, Fig. l, showing nothing beyond the end;Fig. 4, section on line A B of Fig. 2; Fig. 5, section on line C D otFig. 1; Fig. 6, section on E F, Figs. 3 and 7, showing piece d and partof a in section, but showing tool b in elevation; Fig 7, section on G Hof Fig. 1; Fig. 8, part of Fig. 4 enlarged; Fig. 9, part of Fig. etenlarged; Fig. 10, part of Fig. 4 enlarged; Fig. 11, section on line I.Iof Fig. 10; Fig. 12, view of spindle s removed from the socket c', soas to show it in elevation.

The nature of my invention consists in enabling me to give to the handleor bow of the stock a revolving metal cone, and so to construct the headof the stock as to render it more dura-ble, and its opposite end, wherethe bit or cutting-tool is inserted, more serviceable for inserting suchtool, and confining the tool in its place after it is introduced intothe bit-stock.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willproceed to describe its construction and operation.

a and a', Fig. 1, are tubes made from platesteel, and are constructed soas to be taken apart at o, Fig. 8, for the purpose of attaching to thebow of the stock a revolving metallic handle, f, Fig. 8, a section off,and the shaft on which it revolves being shown by Fig. 5. In order tosufficiently strengthen this part of Vthe stock, and for the purpose ofattaching f.`

I permanently fasten in a', Fig. S, one half of rod o h, from o to o',Fig. 8', and the other half, from o to c, Fig. S, being made to fittightly in a, is there secured by p, Fig. 8, a pin passing through a andIt and riveted into a but this p in the model is made as a screw for thepurpose of taking thc stock apart at 1:, Fig. 8. Around a and a', Iplace two collars, g and g,

Fig. S, at a distance apart equal to the length off, to keep j' in placeas it revolves. j' is made to separate and put onto a. before a and aare fastened together, as described, and ot coursef can be removed ontaking outp, Fig. S, and drawing h outof a. I contemplate the breakingoff or separating the bit-stock at this point for the purpose ofattaching a suitable handle thereto, whether it is done in this methodnow described or in any other, for I believe heretofore it has beenfound impracticable to attach any suitable revolving niet-al handle to ametal bit-stock, such stocks having been heretofore made whole at thebow, or where they are held by the hand in turning, and not soconstructed as to be taken apart at this place. The advantages of asuitable re volving handle-piece are too obvious to be specified.

I will now describe the improvements I have made in the mode ofattaching head c, Figs. 1, 2, 4,10, and 12, to the shaft a, and myobject here is to obtain several bearings, in order to prevent thewearing ot' c sidewise upon its shaft, as turning the bit-stock by handtends to wabble c, and soon to render it comparatively useless. Toobviate this wabbling, I insert into a, Fig. 10, a steel plug, s, as faras s', and permanently fasten it there, its shoulder at a' bearingagainst the end of a, Fig. 10. This s, Fig. 10, is turned oft' betweenand 00', and between 00 and 56", and between 30 and a", of differentdiameters for the purpose of getting bearings at x", 00, and x.Corresponding to s, I make a steel thimble, o', Fig. 10, chambered outto fit s from x" to x', so that o may revolve on s, o being on itsoutside round and wedge-shaped for a purpose hereinafter described.

c is the head of the bit-stock, cast of metal or made of other material,and is chambered to a wedge shape to receive o', Fig. 10; and o',designated by n n a u', Fig. 10, after being made as described, isdriven into its corresponding chamber in c, Fig. 10, and by its wedgeshape there held fast, the top of 0 resting rmly against c. I donot'wish to confine myself to this precise number of shoulders, as oneor more might perhaps be dispensed with.

A further improvement I claim in bit-stocks is in the socket or bit endof the stock, which I will now describe.

To a', Fig. 9, I attach the socket a, Figs. 1, 4, 6, 9, as shown by redlines in Fig. 9. a" is round outside and tapering from e to 'l ,Fig. 9,and inside from y to ed", Fig. 9. It is bored out to receive ct from ato y, and from ct" in an opposite direction to the end in et is a squaretapering socket for the reception of the bit or tool b. From e to z,Fig. 9, a shoulder is turned, and on this a male screw is cut, as shownin Figs. 6 and 9. Upon this screw a thumb or socket nut, d, Figs. 9,6,4, is made to it. Z is made separate and screws onto a, Fig. 1, asdescribed. The outside of d is constructed so as to be readily turned bythe hand. The inside of Z is round between .c and e, Fig. 9, with afemale screw, cut between z and e, fitted to the male screw on ct". Theopening through the other end of (l is a square hole, b, Fig. 7,corresponding in size to the square hole in a, before described. cZ ismade separate to take it off of a, in order to fit the shank of tool b,Figs. 6 and 9, to its socket in et, Figs. 6 and 9.

The tools or bits when purchased being square from Zto k, Fig. G, andcylindrical from Z toj, Fig. 6, always need a little fitting to thestocks they are to be used in. Inthis case so as to allow d, when turnedoneeighth revolution, to bear against the corners of the bit, ashereinafter described.

After bis fitted Z is turned down tightly on the screw on ce, and isshown in this position by Fig. 3, in which Z Z Z Z represent the cornersof b, and it n a a the corners of the square hole in the outer end of d,and thusthe inner side of that part of d shown by lines n n, n n, n n,and n n, Fig. 3, is brought into contact with and upon the corners Z Z ZZ of b, Fig. 3, and holds b iirmly in its socket in a, Figs. 1, 4, 6,and 9. To release b and Fig. 3, correspond with each other, when b is atonce drawn from its socket by the hand.

WSQ, to insert b into a after fitting it, it is not necessary' to removed, but simply to turn it until lines n n and Z Z coincide, as described,when b drops to its socket, and is then secured by turning d one-eighthturn to its shoulder, as before described.

In describing s and o', Fig. 10,1 omitted to mention pin t, which isinserted into c o', and then fastened to hold o onto s by means ot' agroove cut in s, through which t plays, as shown in Figs. 4, 10, and 12,as c revolves around s.

What I claim, and desire to secure byfLetters Patent, is-

l. The construction of the bow of a bit-stock, substantially asdescribed, so as to allow of its being taken apart for the purpose ofadding thereto a revolving hand-piece.

2. The steel plug s and its corresponding steel thimble 0, constructedsubstantially as described, for the purpose of giving durability andsteadiuess to the revolution of head c.

A. W. SMITH.

Witnesses:

EDWARD S. GUTTER, E. M. TOPLIFF.

